migration

The phenomenon of migration is not new, it has become more complex in today’s globalised economy and with the technologichal change of everyday, migration will be increasing as well. States most face this challenge in a effective way in order to protect its citizen and the inmigrants rights also. However states have to watch its citizens welfare overall.

Why do people Migrate?

There are many reasons why people migrate. Some migrate because of their jobs, just like what my family did because of my dad’s job. Another reason is because of wars or exile. Most of people in poor country migrate due to poverty. This picture, as you can see, shows Africans migrating to somewhere because of poverty.

Types of Migration

Internal Migration: Moving to a new home within a state, country, or continent.

External Migration: Moving to a new home in a different state, country, or continent.

Emigration: Leaving one country to move to another (e.g., the Pilgrims emigrated fromEngland).

Immigration: Moving into a new country (e.g., the Pilgrims immigrated to America).

Population Transfer: When a government forces a large group of people out of a region, usually based on ethnicity or religion. This is also known as an involuntary or forced migration.

Impelled Migration (also called "reluctant" or "imposed" migration): Individuals are not forced out of their country, but leave because of unfavorable situations such as warfare, political problems, or religious persecution.

Step Migration: A series of shorter, less extreme migrations from a person's place of origin to final destination—such as moving from a farm, to a village, to a town, and finally to a city.

Chain Migration: A series of migrations within a family or defined group of people. A chain migration often begins with one family member who sends money to bring other family members to the new location. Chain migration results in migration fields—the clustering of people from a specific region into certain neighborhoods or small towns.

Return Migration: The voluntary movements of immigrants back to their place of origin.This is also known as circular migration.

Seasonal Migration: The process of moving for a period of time in response to labor or climate conditions (e.g., farm workers following crop harvests or working in cities off-season; "snowbirds" moving to the southern and southwestern United States during winter).

Citizens may be hurt by competition from immigrants who are willing to work cheaply. However that immigration brigns several benefits to the country's economy. Immigrants aren't just a weapon against inflation. The tens of thousands of illegal nannies in the Los Angeles area, for example, lower the cost of child care, freeing mothers to return to work. This in turn increases families' incomes, which encourages spending and fuels the economy. The sales taxes they pay on all those consumer purchases boost the state treasury. The growing number of immigrants who use false papers to get payroll jobs are contributing to Social Security without the right to receive payments from the fund. 

India's Presentation.

In this presentation we learned that indians have a very paternalistic attitude to their employees and also are very concerned for employees that goes beyond the workplace. So they care about the enmployees' Involvement in their family, housing, health, and other practical life issues.

 Honor and reputation play an important role and  the personal relationships as well. They are crucial to conducting business and are based on respect and trust. It takes time to develop a comfortable working relationship and you will need patience and perseverance.

Decisions are reached by the person with the most authority, but reaching that decision can be a slow process.

Switzerland presentation:

The Swiss approach to business can be classified as orderly and thoughtful where pre-planning and risk-aversion are very important. The type of crisis management is equal to lack of control.

Horizontal organizational structure is they way swiss work, that means that hierarchy and levels of power are not that highlighted like in other countries. The decision making involves managers and employees Takes time because for the Swiss is important that employees participate and feel involved in the process. People prefer to have the freedom and individuality, free from external interference or close supervision, so they don't like teamwork.